Assessment of matK, rbcL, rpoC1, trnA-trnH, ycf5, and ITS for DNA barcoding of a Mentha species from Madinah city, Saudi Arabia

Rashid Ismael Hag Ibrahim

doi:10.7324/JABB.2025.57726

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Abstract

Mentha (Lamiaceae) is a medicinal, aromatic plant known globally as mint. Madinah mint (Saudi Arabia) is grown and consumed as a drink, flavor for tea, spice for food, and a home remedy. In this report, matK, rbcL rpoC1, and ycf5 genes, the intergenic region trnA-trnH from the plastid genome, along with the two nuclear loci internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS2) were tested as DNA barcodes for Madinah mint. DNA was extracted, polymerase chain reaction was amplified using specific primers, and the products were sequenced. The partial sequences of the matK gene from Madinah mint are identical to those from Mentha piperita, while sequences of the rbcL gene were identical to Mentha canadensis and Mentha spicata discriminating this species from M. piperita. Phylogenetic analysis using ITS1 or ITS2 showed that Madinah mint is a basic taxon to M. spicata and M. canadensis. Phylogenetic analysis based on a combination of ITS1 and ITS2 sequences showed that Madinah mint is ancestral to other Mentha species. The same analysis using rbcL gene sequences again put Madinah mint as an ancestor of both M. spicata and M. canadensis as well as Mentha suaveolens, which might suggest that they have shared the same origin of the maternally inherited plastid genome.

Keyword: Mentha Madinah DNA barcode Plastid

Citation:

Ibrahim RIH. Assessment of matK, rbcL, rpoC1, trnA-trnH, ycf5, and ITS for DNA barcoding of a Mentha species from Madinah city, Saudi Arabia. J App Biol Biotech 2025. Article in Press. http://doi.org/10.7324/JABB.2025.57726

Copyright: Author(s). This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license.

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Reference

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1. Singh G. Plant Systematics : An Integrated Approach. New Hampshire: Science Publishers; 2010.

2. Assaf M, Korkmaz A, Karaman ?, Kulak M. Effect of plant growth regulators and salt stress on secondary metabolite composition in Lamiaceae species. South Afr J Bot. 2022;144:480-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2021.10.030

3. Naghibi F, Mosaddegh M, Motamed SM, Ghorbani A. Labiatae family in folk medicine in Iran: From ethnobotany to pharmacology. Iran J Pharm Res. 2005;2:63-79.

4. Barros L, Heleno SA, Carvalho AM, Ferreira IC. Lamiaceae often used in Portuguese folk medicine as a source of powerful antioxidants: Vitamins and phenolics. LWT. 2010;43:544-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2009.09.024

5. Djilani A, Dicko A. The Therapeutic benefits of essential oils. In: Nutrition, Well-Being and Health. London: InTechopen; 2012. https://doi.org/10.5772/25344

6. Nazar N, Howard C, Slater A, Sgamma T. Challenges in medicinal and aromatic plants DNA barcoding-lessons from the Lamiaceae. Plants (Basel). 2022;11:137. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11010137

7. Ramasubramania Raja R. Medicinally potential plants of labiatae (Lamiaceae) family: An overview. J Med Plant. 2012;3:203-13. https://doi.org/10.3923/rjmp.2012.203.213

8. Dorman HJ, Peltoketo A, Hiltunen R, Tikkanen MJ. Characterisation of the antioxidant properties of de-odourised aqueous extracts from selected Lamiaceae herbs. Food Chem. 2003;83:255-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(03)00088-8

9. Matkowski A, Piotrowska M. Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of some medicinal plants from the Lamiaceae. Fitoterapia. 2006;77:346-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2006.04.004

10. De Mattia F, Bruni I, Galimberti A, Cattaneo F, Casiraghi M, Labra M. A comparative study of different DNA barcoding markers for the identification of some members of Lamiacaea. Food Res Int. 2011;44:693-702. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2010.12.032

11. Theodoridis S, Stefanaki A, Tezcan M, Aki C, Kokkini S, Vlachonasios KE. DNA barcoding in native plants of the Labiatae (Lamiaceae) family from Chios Island (Greece) and the adjacent Çe?me-Karaburun Peninsula (Turkey). Mol Ecol Resour. 2012;12:620-33. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2012.03129.x

12. Celep F, Dirmenci T. Systematic and biogeographic overview of Lamiaceae in Turkey. Nat Volatiles Essential Oils. 2017;4(4):14-27.

13. Zhao F, Chen YP, Salmaki Y, Drew BT, Wilson TC, Scheen AC, et al. An updated tribal classification of Lamiaceae based on plastome phylogenomics. BMC Biol. 2021;19:2. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-020-00931-z

14. Hussin N, Mohd Noor NN, Mohamed F. Taxonomic significance of trichome ultrastructure in five genera of Lamiaceae. J Sci Math Lett. 2024;12:8-17. https://doi.org/10.37134/jsml.vol12.1.2.2024

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