Molecular diversity and phylogenetic analysis of exopolymer producing fungal strains isolated from Krishna river mangrove sediments

Annavarapu Mohana Ventaka Naga Prathyusha; Venkateswarulu Nagam; Chanda Vikrant Berde; Siva Saikiran Badithala; Muni Ramanna Gari Subhosh Chandra; Thummala Chandra Sekhar; Veera Bramhachari Pallaval

doi:10.7324/JABB.2022.10s104

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Abstract

Mangroves salt-tolerant coastal woodlands cover 1/4th area of tropical coastlines globally and are a major driver for the accumulation of large deposits of organic matter, offer protection against coastal erosion, and a niche for a broad consortium of microbes. Yet, mangroves and mangrove fungi are the most threatened species understanding their role and distribution is becoming a pressing concern, especially when viewed in the light of rapid climate change. Therefore, the rationale of the study is to describe the fungal communities associated with the Krishna river delta mangroves. A soil investigation found that humans have a large role in the estuarine environment, as well as microbial interactions. Extensively employing a molecular sequencing method that targets the complete 5.8s rRNA [internal transcribed spacer (ITS1–ITS4)], several fungal species were isolated from the mangrove soils. Three diverse fungal populations are present in genera Penicillium, Fusarium, and Mucor, while two diverse fungal populations are present in genera Trichoderma and Paecilomyces. Fungal species diversity is shown to be modest in sample locations according to the recent research. Using CLUSTAL-W, we found that up to one-third is accounted for by phylogenetic analysis using multiple sequence alignment tool. In this study, numerous fungal species have been discovered in the harsh environment of mangrove soil, and this has helped researchers to get understanding about the variety of species in the Krishna river delta mangroves.

Keyword: Krishna river delta mangrove soils physicochemical analysis fungal diversity

Citation:

Prathyusha AMVN, Nagam V, Berde CV, Badithala SS, Chandra MRGS, Sekhar TC, et al. Molecular diversity and phylogenetic analysis of exopolymer producing fungal strains isolated from Krishna river mangrove sediments. J Appl Biol Biotech 2022;10(Suppl 1):23–32.

Copyright: Author(s). This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license.

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Reference

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5. Tisthammer KH, Cobian GM, Amend AS. Global biogeography of marine fungi is shaped by the environment. Fungal Ecol 2016;19:39-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funeco.2015.09.003
6. Petinataud D, Berger S, Ferdynus C, Debourgogne A, Contet- Audonneau N, Machouart M. Optimising the diagnostic strategy for onychomycosis from sample collection to fungal identification evaluation of a diagnostic kit for real-time PCR. Mycoses 2016;59(5):304-11. https://doi.org/10.1111/myc.12471
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8. Grasshoff K, Kremling K, Ehrhardt M. Determination of oxygen. In: Methods of Seawater Analysis, Wiley, pp 61-72, 1983.
9. Hardie M, Doyle R. Measuring soil salinity BT-plant salt tolerance: methods and protocols. In: Shabala S, Cuin TA (eds.). Humana Press, Totowa, NJ, pp 415-25, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-986-0_28
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13. Lutzoni F, Kauff F, Cox CJ, McLaughlin D, Celio G, Dentinger B, et al. Assembling the fungal tree of life: progress, classification, and evolution of subcellular traits. 2004. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.91.10.1446
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19. Kalyani CSRG. Assessment of organic camp; heavy metal pollution in mangrove areas of Krishna River Basin, Andhra Pradesh. J Adv Stud Agric Biol Environ Sci 2016;3(4):2455-221.
20. Hoq ME, Wahab MA, Islam MN. Hydrographic Status of Sundarbans Mangrove, Bangladesh with special reference to post-larvae and Juveniles Fish and Shrimp abundance. Wetl Ecol Manage 2006;14(1):79-93. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11273-005-2569-9
21. Ramasubramanian R, Ravishankar T. Mangrove Forest Restoration in Andhra Pradesh, India. MS Swaminathan Research Foundation, Chennai, India, p 25, 2004.
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23. Holguin G, Vazquez P, Bashan Y. The role of sediment microorganisms in the productivity, conservation, and rehabilitation of mangrove ecosystems: an overview. Biol Fertil Soils 2001;33(4):265-78. https://doi.org/10.1007/s003740000319
24. Kristensen E, Bouillon S, Dittmar T, Marchand C. Organic carbon dynamics in mangrove ecosystems: a review. Aquatic Bot 2008;89(2):201-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2007.12.005
25. Tamura K, Nei M. Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions in the control region of mitochondrial DNA in humans and chimpanzees. Mol Biol Evol 1993;10(3):512-26.
26. Tamura K, Peterson D, Peterson N, Stecher G, Nei M, Kumar S. MEGA5: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods. Mol Biol Evol 2011;28(10):2731-9. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msr121

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Prathyusha A M V N [PubMed] [Google Scholar ]

Nagam V [PubMed] [Google Scholar ]

Berde C V [PubMed] [Google Scholar ]

Badithala S S [PubMed] [Google Scholar ]

Chandra M R G S [PubMed] [Google Scholar ]

Sekhar T C [PubMed] [Google Scholar ]

Pallaval V B [PubMed] [Google Scholar ]

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1. Sarma VV, Devadatha B. Fungal diversity in mangroves of India and a note on their medicinal potential. In Biotechnological Utilization of Mangrove Resources, Elsevier, pp 153-224, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-819532-1.00007-X

2. Hamilton SE, Casey D. Creation of a high spatio-temporal resolution global database of continuous mangrove forest cover for the 21st century (CGMFC-21). Glob Ecol Biogeogr 2016;25:729-38. https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12449

3. Thatoi H, Behera BC, Mishra RR. Ecological role and biotechnological potential of mangrove fungi: a review. Mycology 2013;4(1):54-71.

4. Raghukumar C. Marine fungi and their enzymes for decolorization of colored effluents. In: Ramaiah N (ed.). Marine Microbiology: Facets & Opportunities, National Institute of Oceanography, Goa, India, pp 145-58, 2004.

5. Tisthammer KH, Cobian GM, Amend AS. Global biogeography of marine fungi is shaped by the environment. Fungal Ecol 2016;19:39-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funeco.2015.09.003

6. Petinataud D, Berger S, Ferdynus C, Debourgogne A, Contet- Audonneau N, Machouart M. Optimising the diagnostic strategy for onychomycosis from sample collection to fungal identification evaluation of a diagnostic kit for real-time PCR. Mycoses 2016;59(5):304-11. https://doi.org/10.1111/myc.12471

7. Bento FM, De Oliveira Camargo FA, Okeke BC, Frankenberger WT. Diversity of biosurfactant producing microorganisms isolated from soils contaminated with diesel oil. Microbiol Res 2005;160(3):249-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2004.08.005

8. Grasshoff K, Kremling K, Ehrhardt M. Determination of oxygen. In: Methods of Seawater Analysis, Wiley, pp 61-72, 1983.

9. Hardie M, Doyle R. Measuring soil salinity BT-plant salt tolerance: methods and protocols. In: Shabala S, Cuin TA (eds.). Humana Press, Totowa, NJ, pp 415-25, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-986-0_28

10. Bundy LG, Meisinger JJ. Nitrogen availability indices. no. 1070, pp 951-84, 2018. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssabookser5.2.c41

11. Byers SC, Mills EL, Stewart PL. A comparison of methods of determining organic carbon in marine sediments, with suggestions for a standard method. Hydrobiologia 1978;58(1):43-7. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00018894

12. Lata K, Rahi DK, Soni SK, Rahi S. Diversity of exopolysaccharide producing fungi from foot hills of Shivalik Ranges of Chandigarh Capital Region. Res Biotechnol 2012;3(4):11-8.

13. Lutzoni F, Kauff F, Cox CJ, McLaughlin D, Celio G, Dentinger B, et al. Assembling the fungal tree of life: progress, classification, and evolution of subcellular traits. 2004. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.91.10.1446

14. Tamura K, Nei M, Kumar S. Prospects for inferring very large phylogenies by using the neighbor-joining method. Proc Natl Acad Sci 2004;101(30):11030-5. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0404206101

15. Tajima F. Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism. Genetics 1989;123(3):585-95. https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/123.3.585

16. Tamura K, Stecher G, Peterson D, Filipski A, Kumar S. MEGA6: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis Version 6.0. Mol Biol Evol 2013;30(12):2725-9. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst197

17. Sarin MM, Rao KS, Bhattacharya SK, Ramesh R, Somayajulu BL. Geochemical studies of the river-estuarine systems of Krishna and Godavari. Mahasagar 1985;18(2):129-43.

18. Prabhakar Rao VV, Brahmaji Rao P. Physico-chemical analysis of mangrove soil in the Machilipatnam Coastal Region, Krishna District, Andhra Pradesh. Int J Eng Res Technol 2014;3(6):3.

19. Kalyani CSRG. Assessment of organic camp; heavy metal pollution in mangrove areas of Krishna River Basin, Andhra Pradesh. J Adv Stud Agric Biol Environ Sci 2016;3(4):2455-221.

20. Hoq ME, Wahab MA, Islam MN. Hydrographic Status of Sundarbans Mangrove, Bangladesh with special reference to post-larvae and Juveniles Fish and Shrimp abundance. Wetl Ecol Manage 2006;14(1):79-93. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11273-005-2569-9

21. Ramasubramanian R, Ravishankar T. Mangrove Forest Restoration in Andhra Pradesh, India. MS Swaminathan Research Foundation, Chennai, India, p 25, 2004.

22. Wahid SM, Babel MS, Bhuiyan AR. Hydrologic monitoring and analysis in the Sundarbans mangrove ecosystem, Bangladesh. J Hydrol 2007;332(3-4):381-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2006.07.016

23. Holguin G, Vazquez P, Bashan Y. The role of sediment microorganisms in the productivity, conservation, and rehabilitation of mangrove ecosystems: an overview. Biol Fertil Soils 2001;33(4):265-78. https://doi.org/10.1007/s003740000319

24. Kristensen E, Bouillon S, Dittmar T, Marchand C. Organic carbon dynamics in mangrove ecosystems: a review. Aquatic Bot 2008;89(2):201-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2007.12.005

25. Tamura K, Nei M. Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions in the control region of mitochondrial DNA in humans and chimpanzees. Mol Biol Evol 1993;10(3):512-26.

26. Tamura K, Peterson D, Peterson N, Stecher G, Nei M, Kumar S. MEGA5: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods. Mol Biol Evol 2011;28(10):2731-9. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msr121